Briquet-making machine.



n' mmzv. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908. r F. E. ABBOTT.

BRIQUET MAKING MACHINE. APPLIOATION FILED SEPT 2 1965 5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

No. 896,427. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908. F. ABBOTT. BRIQUET MAKING MACHINE. APPLICATION FILED SEPT 2 1905 5 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

No. 896,427. PATENTED AUG. 18, 1908.?

v I P. E. ABBQTT.

BRIQUET MAKING MACHINE APPLIOATIONIILED SEPT. 2,1905. 1

5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

F. E. ABBGTT. BRIQUET MAKIN MAGHINE'.

APPLIGATION FILED SEPT. 2,1905.

PATENTED AUG: 18, 1908.

a sums-SHEET .5.

I'll I UNITED s'rnrns PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK E. ABBOTT, OF BUFFALO MINNESOTA.

emanate-Maxine MACHINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Ace. 18, 1908.

Application as September a, 1905. Serial No. 276,883.

useful Improvements in Briquet-Making Machines, of which the following is a specification. This invention relates to that class of machines intended to produce briquets by subjecting the materia' or materials to be formed into briquets to a high degree of pressure, and refers particularly to improved mechanical means adapted to exert such pressure and produce briquets at a very rapid rate and with a comparatively small amount of power.

The invention refers further to means for imparting several successive compressions to the material being acted upon thus giving its molecules an interval of time after each compressive movement to adjust themselves in their new relative positions.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is i a perspective view partly in section of a briquet making machine embodying the features of this invention showing the cover plates and the feeding chutes removed. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical central sectional view of said machine. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view on the axial line of the cam shaft. Fig. 4 is 'a transverse vertical sectional view taken on dotted line 4 4 of Fig. 2. Fig. 5'is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on dotted line 5 5 of Fig. 2. Figs. 6 to 12 inclusive are longitudinal sectional views of a mold tube; Fig. 6.shows an initial pressure plug in the receiving end of the tube; Fig. 7 shows said plug advanced within said tube by a forward movement of a plunger;

Fig. 8 shows the plunger withdrawn and the space it occupied filled with material to be compressed; Fig. 9 shows the plunger as again advanced and the first charge of material compressed within the inner end of the mold tube, the plug having been advanced in the tube; Fig. 10 shows the plunger as compressing a fourth. charge and the plug being forced through the most constricted portion of the mold tube into the flaring outer end thereof; Fig. 11 shows the plunger as compressing a fifth charge and forcing the first briquet from the outer end of. the mold tube;

and Fig. 12 shows the several charges within the mold tube with a hole extending longitudinally through the two outermost charges. This hole is intended to beformed byyrernovj vgral ring or collar 13adapted to lie 1 ing a portion of the substance of the charges,

as by drilling, for the purpose of reducing the resistance of the passage of these and succeeding charges through the mold tube,- and thereby reducing the pressure, both circumferential and longitudinal, placed upon the charges in their formation into briquets.

In the embodiment herein shown and described of this invention I provide a base 1, formed of cast'iron or other suitable material,

-upon which base a body portion 2 rests and is secured by means of bolts 3 extending through. coinciding integral ears 4 extending from the base and the body portion respectively. The body portion 2-com'prises side pieces 5 and stationary'head blocks 6, the

' side pieces being secured to the head blocks by tap-bolts 7-. To guardagainst the tap bolts 7 being sheared off by the pressure exerted by the machine, I insert studs 8 into suitable openings formed in the sides of the head blocks a which studs project from said head blocks and lie within corresponding openings in the side pieces 5. The two head blocks (3 are also secured together by means of the rods 9, having cap nuts 10 upon their screw-threaded ends; but inasmuch as these rods are also guide rods for a reciprocatory part of the mechanism I will hereinafter designate them by said last mentioned title.

Each of the head blocks 6 is provided with a number of openings 11 eXtendingtherethrough, which openings are adapted to rematerial is forced and within whichthe coinpressive power is applied. The mold tubes 12 are each provided at one end with an intewithin a corresponding counterbored recess 14 in the inner face of the head blocks 6. From' the inner or receiving ends of the mold" tubes their inner diameters diminish through about four-fifths of their length andtheir opposite outer ends are of slightly increasing diameter, or flaring. In the present instance I have provided each stationary head block 6 with nine of the mold tube openings 11, and have formed the mold tubes of chilled cast iron, finished by grinding to an outer diameter exactly corresponding with the diameter of' said mold tube openings. Other material than chilled iron may be emplo ed, butI have found it to be reasonably we adapted to the purpose and requirements.

As the internal diameterof theinoldtubes 12 governs the external diameter cf the I l-rods. 9 and contain bearing bushings fiWear in the bushings 35 may be taken up 1n any suitable manner; III- the present instance briquets it apparent that Within the limicored out in its interior to form a chamber surrounding the walls of the openings 11 wh ch is for the. purposejof admitting steam to the interior ofsaid head blocks tow'he'at the mold tubes 12 thus preven ting the material :passing through the mold tubes from chilling 11 en the inner surface of said tubes and cogging the'action off-themachineh A t u f the chamber 15: and "the'lower .p'artbi. said chamber is'provided with *a' drip cocklB- topermit of the withdrawali'rom said' chamber'-.

bular boss 1-61's forrnedjupon'the upper side of each of said staticnaryhead blocks 6 and is internally screw-threaded'to receivefa-pipej ilffby means of Whichsteam isconductedto of the, condensation.

one side of the machine thecam shaft 19 'ex' tends beyond its bearing 20 and carries 'a 3 ur gear Wheel 21 fixed uponsaidshaft. A

' 've shaft 22 supporteduponar'ms 2-3 extending'upwardly' from'the side pieces 5, carries at one end,a: belt"wheel 24 loosely mounted upon said drive shaft. 22, but hay; ing a frictional .clutchconnection therewith andJat its other-end a inion 25 fixed upon, said. shaft and being a aptedto mesh". with the teeth of the spur .ge'ar. wheel '21.; A

clutch lever 26 operates the-"friction clutch -eomiecting the belt-Wheel 24 and the drive shaft 22. v

' I Within the body'portion 2*of'themachine the cam shaft 19, carries a cam 27 fixed upon fsaid cam shaft,which cam has upon its pe- 'riphery an integral raised annular rib 28. A

bearing block 29 "formed in two parts and having an".innerf-' peripheral .channel 30,-

adapted to contain the cam r'i'b 28,'surr oun ds said cam and receives a combine'd' reciprocal, and vertical motion upon the rotation of the latter. H v v d Thebearing hIOGk 29 forms a part ofa -re- I ciprocating 1 head- 32, which "head "comprises also two end plates 33,. which at their' upper' and their'lower edges have integral bearing merit, each of the bushin S J and bearings sleeves 34 adapted to surroundthe guide I have employed a sort of pinch fit adjust being split at their outer "sides; a, screw 36 providing means within certain limits for in- --}creasing or diminishing the size of the bearingFo' suing; TllefLU/Vo endplatesi33 are secure 'positi on with elation to each other adapted toreceive the. screw threac'led stems the charge becomes a ,briquet.

by means of shoulder bolts 37 The two,-

and to have avertic-alreciprocatory move- I ment withgirelation to said lates which movement is im'parted 'to said. earingbiock bymeans'of thebam-ZY;

The inner faces of the pilatesl 33 aiid they. correspo'r'iding faces of the .bearin block are 1 providedzwith oil groovesi3'8 for-lubricating.

parts of the mechanism are inclosed by the removable cover plates 39'. x'lhe .o'uter face 0f eachot the endplates 33 is pro vided with openings 4( corresponding-in number and] coinciding- 111- position with the mold 1 tube openings 11f inthe stationary headblocks 6.-

.Thesiopenings A0 are internally screw 41; similarlyscrew-threaded upon their rear ends. To -fix said plungers in position with relationto-the-end plates 33 I provide lock; Apcarn" shaft 1 '9 extends transversely through the body POItion 2 of, the machine and is rotatablysupported in bearings 20* -formed'integral with the side pieces 5. ".At'

nuts. 42. a'dapted to be turned uponthe screw are screwed into'the threaded openings 40 the contacting "surfaces, and the nioving 5 ,tln'eadeld and are adapted to-receivje plungers J threadsof the 'plungers before said plungers 4 The forward ends of the plungers 41 are nro-,

'vided' with' removable crowns 43 the stay .portions of the 'plungers i being provided with axial internally screi'v threadedopenings 44 4501. said crowns-43. I The plungers 41' pass" through suitable openings in .a. shield platei iG, oneat each end of the machine, said shield plates 16 forming with the inner side of the stationary. end

blocks 6 receptacles/i7 WlthiIIWlli'ClLfl quanreciprocate with relation tojthe plates 46.1 provide a packing- 180f leather or other suit -tity.. of the materialg'tobe 'co'mpressed is 3 placed. Owingto'the' fact-that the plungers able material secured to the rearfaces of each.

of said plates 46 -by'means of a plate .49- and screws 50; The packing materialis in sheet" form, and is provided with openin s of a diameter j ii'st; suificient to receive the'piu'ngers "40 upon their-rearward movement. The ma-' terial to bis-compressed is conducted to the receptacles'47 at theopposite ends of the ma{ .chine'through feed chutes5l and by the refcifprocatio'n, of. the ;plun'gers- Al is forced a 'quan titygata time intofthe openinner ends ofjthe mold tubes 12. The'small quantity of material forced into each mold .tube'uponthe 'forw'a'rd' reciprocation of its plunger, Ih'ave When'the final. 1

denominated. a charge.

pressure of the machine has been imparted In makingbriquets-of coal, ligni'te etc i the material is reduced, as by.. crus'hing it to pass through a screen of-say' one-eighth inch mesh, and is heatedfto atemperature only isc ' ing briquets from ores containing metals. ordinary lime, slaked to a cream "is used as a binder and is added to the ores in tityof such tar or other suitable material must'be -addedas a binding agent. In makrecious suitable quantities; The prepared material,

' either,,cc a1, lignite, or other material to be conducted to made'into briqim ets, mixed with'its binder is endsfof the machine through thec'hut'es 51. The plungers 41 reciprocate Within the receptacles-47 and in the present embodiment thejtubes the distance of the forward movement of said plungers within the tubes. 'The second forward movement of the .plungers' forces a quantity of briqueting material into the .tubes T'compr'essing said material and driving the plugs a farther distance into the- At each successive forward reciprocation of. the plungers additional charges are inserted into the'mold tubes 12 and are com pressed andadvan'ced within said'tubes. As

soon as the plugs 52 pass the most constricted ipointf'w'ithin the mold tubes, pressure .iipon the m'is relieved andthey are forced from the tubes through the slightly flaring 'endsofsaid'tubes, falling from the machine into conveyer buckets (not shown) upon an endless conveyer belt (not shown) or into suitable rece tacles to be removed by hand from the maz iine.

' j'In the present embodiment of my invention I have formed the mold tubes with their m'ost constricted point about .four-fifths of their-length from their receiving ends; thus in the action of the machine a constricting pressure is: applied to the several charges upon each of four separate advances within the tube before said chargeemerges through the. mostconstricted point and enters into the flaring end of, the tube. An interval of time elapses between each advance movement of the charge within the tube, during Which time the molecules of the material being compressed have an opportunity to adjust themselves in their new relative positions.

The longitudinal ressure exerted'by the plunger upon the c arge-of material beingcom ressed depends upon the resistance offere to. the forward movement of the preceding charges within the tube and the amount o'f this resistance is governed by the e receptacles 47 at opposite gers within the tubes.

mold tubes may besquare, octagonal, or-of initial resistance to the passage of the plug- 52 within the tube, therefore, the initial re- -sistance and consequently the subsequent resistance, is governed by making the plug fit the tube more or less closely. The length of the plug also-has an influence upon the resistance of its passage; in practice I make it I from two tothree inches in length.

On account'of the adhesion of the charges of material to the inner walls of the tubes the tendency of the machine is to increase the initial pressure during its operation. When the pressure upon the charge becomes greater than is desirable it may be reduced by drilling a hole longitudinally of the tube through one or more of the charges in each tube before the foremost of said charges has been subjected tothe finalpressure that is to say,

to the forward movement that forces it' through the most constricted portion of the tube Drilling said hole in the charges removes enough material to permit of a slight reduction of the circumference of the briquet that emerges from-the constricted portion of the tube, diminishing the resistance of the passage of the chargethrough the tube, and consequently reducing the pressure necessarily exerted by the plunger upon the newly compressed charge in the inner endof each tube to -advance the several charges within the tube.

As the compressedmaterial emerges'from the tube" it readily separates'mto cylindrical briquets of'a length slightly less thamthedis:

tance of the advance movement of the plun- The openings in .the

other forms, and the briquets produced by the machine will be altered accordingly.

It is apparent that many changes may be made in the embodiment of this invention Without departing from the s irit and scope thereof wherefore I desire to ave it under stood that I do not limit myself to the form herein shown and described but desire to claim said invention broadly in its various forms, applications and adaptations.

I claim as my invention:

In a press, in combination, a supporting frame comprising a plurality of guide rods;

feeding means; compression devices compris-.

ing two' plunger-heads connected together and provided with-plungers, said plunger heads being slidably supported'on said guide rods; a shaft rotatably mounted in said frame; a cam on said shaft provided with a peripheral rib; and a two-part bearing-block lying between and slidable upon said plun- 'ger-heads and bearing upon said cam, said block having an annular groove'adapted to receive the rib on said cam.

. FRANK E. ABBOTT.

Witnesses: M. M. DALEY, L. MILLER.- 

